Evolution of Architectural Styles: A comparative study of contemporary and ancient designs

Ujjwal Goyal

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research paper is to conduct a comparative study of different styles of architecture and their evolution in India, with particular reference to colonial, Mughal, and contemporary architecture. The paper tries to tease out from examples the intricate cultural, historical, and socio-economic influences which have shaped India's built environment. The timeframe of India's colonial architecture spans from the 17th to the mid-20th century. It finds reflection in a fusion of European styles that the British rule brought into the country, such as Neo-Classical, Gothic Revival, Art Decoration, and Indo-Saracenic. In this way, these styles symbolize British power, expressing simultaneously the diverse cultural elements. Mughal architecture is the epitome of excellence in art and cultural fusion, signified by red sandstone, white marble, symmetrical designs, intricate carvings, and large open areas of gardens. It combines Persian, Islamic, and Indian architectural styles. Modern Indian architecture, which breaks out in this post-independence period of growth and modernization of the nation, focuses on innovative materials like concrete, steel, and glass. It is based on sustainability; the styles include Brutalism and Modernism, Vernacular, and High-tech architecture. The evolution of architectural styles in India is conceived in the paper vis-à-vis influences exerted by historical context, cultural exchange, and technological development on its rich architectural heritage.

Evolution of Architectural Styles_ A comparative study of contemporary and ancient designs.

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